The most commonly used forms of windows today are traditional storm windows or double hung windows. Double hung windows are the single glass panes which separate the outer environment from the interior of the house. In extreme weather conditions, the storm windows are used as an external layer to create insulation. But these techniques are time consuming and laborious. In order to do away with the disadvantages of these traditional methods, people today use a Double-glazed window, which is also known as insulated glass windows. Double glazed windows consist of two glass panes separated by air or vacuum. It is mainly used to reduce heat transfer across the building. The glasses which are used to manufacture this window generally vary from 3 to 10 mm. The separation between the two glass panes is known as a spacer or warm edge. Initially, the spacer used to be made up of metals but due to its ineffective performance abilities like heat conduction, the formation of ice and water at the bottom of the sealed unit, structural foam is used now. The choice of the spacer may be important as it can also be used for sound dampening where there is a problem of external noises. Technologists are working on improving the structural performance and durability of the new metals (like Aluminium) and foam spacers. The maximum insulating efficiency can be measured with respect to the thickness of the space and the thickness is generally 16-19mm. In certain nontransparent insulation products, vacuum technology may be used. Insulation performance can be improved by replacing the gas used in the spacer by a lower thermal conductivity gas like Argon, Krypton etc. The effectiveness of these gases can be expressed in terms of R-Value, which increases with increase in resistance of heat transfer. The advantages of using double glazed windows can be summarized as follows-
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